What Size Copper Tubing For Propane Stove

Gas Piping Specifications

• Postal service a QUESTION or COMMENT almost LP gas pressure, propane gas force per unit area, and natural gas pressure in pipage, at regulators, at appliances

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LP or Propane Gas Pressures & Natural Gas Pressure level questions & answers:

Questions, answers, FAQs nigh the mutual operating pressures of natural gas and LP or liquid petroleum gas at the gas regulators, in building gas piping and at gas appliances.

This article series gives the standard pressure ranges and pressure settings for LP gas, propane gas, and natural gas fuels, including pressures establish in the distribution service piping, in the in-building gas piping, and at gas fired appliances such equally gas stoves, clothes dryers, furnaces, boilers, and LP gas or natural gas fired h2o heaters. Since there several ways that people express gas pressures we include more than on description of common LP gas or natural gas system operating pressures in this article.

Nosotros also provide an ARTICLE INDEX for this topic, or you can try the page top or bottom SEARCH BOX equally a quick way to discover information yous need.

Gas Piping Materials, Sizes, Codes, Specifications for LP or Natural Gas in Residential Systems

Question: James W. Howe on Size of Gas Piping Required

2016/09/26 James due west Howe Jr said:

I was taught to Ever use copper flex with LP gas and black pipe with NG. I'm am Non talking nigh pressure here! That stated, my supply is two 100 lb tanks with an "automated switch over valve". The lines from the tanks to the valve are one/eighth inch.

I need to feed a 30 inch v burner gas stove with a convection oven, a gas clothes dryer and a tankless 10L water heater that has a 1/2 inch gas inlet. Instead of running 1/2 inch copper flex with Ts to each apparatus, practice i need to increase the volume in the system to have enough gas to feed all three appliances.

If I was using NG, i'd install at least a ten foot slice of 1 ane/4 blackness pipe to build up the book and and so run ane/two inch Ts with 1/two inch piping to the appliances. With LP I'd employ 3/8 copper flex for the dryer and stove and the 1/2 inch called for for the h2o heater, BUT, I demand to get enough book commencement so how should I proceed? All of the answers on your site bargain with pressure and THAT is non the effect here!

Forgot my contact info: jwhowejr@centurylink.net

[Click to enlarge any image]

Answer:

Thanks for the annotate and question, James, information technology helps us realize where we need to piece of work on making our text more clear or more consummate. A competent onsite inspection by an expert ordinarily finds additional clues that would permit a more than accurate, complete, and authoritative respond than we can give by email alone.

Yous will find boosted depth and detail in articles at our website. See the ARTICLE INDEX link at the cease of this commodity for a library of information about LP and natural gas piping, installations, equipment, pressures, regulators, etc. That said I offer these comments.

There's quite a list of types of pipe material canonical for use in gas piping systems; the distinctions I take seen are about the application - location such as higher up or beneath ground rather than the fuel difference between LP and NG; there accept been, historically, opinions about gas pipage and corrosion differences between the sources (thence the history of "dirt legs" on NG piping systems.

The list of gas piping materials - part of your question, depending on where the pipe is used, includes aluminum (in some locations and never below ground), brass (yellow - the erstwhile traditional gas pipage found indoors in older buildings), copper blazon L or K rated for gas systems, iron (blackness ductile atomic number 26) to a higher place ground and peradventure below ground in some jurisdictions, PE and PVC for outdoor underground utilize, and of course thinwall corrugated, coated flexible copper appliance connectors.

Watch out: Some jurisdictions such as New York Metropolis specifically prohibit use of some pipe materials such as cast iron, copper, brass, aluminum, and metallic tubing (with exceptions).

I haven't seen piping approval distinctions based on fuel just I think some opinions on that stem from differences in fuel moisture and contaminants, hence the "dirt leg" we see on older iron gas pipage systems; I recall that we don't see galvanized iron because corrosives in NG supplies may cause coating loss and bottleneck; at the terminate of the day it's the local plumbing inspector whose word is constabulary.

See NFPA #58 adopted by many jurisdictions permitting either type of steel piping as long as it's certified to see ASTM A53 steel pipe standards;

Here'south an excerpt example from a local city gas code pertaining to natural gas piping. LPG regulations volition sometimes differ.

New NG gas pipage can be of Schedule 40 steel piping with threaded fittings, Blazon L rigid copper tubing with brazed fittings, Type Fifty soft copper tubing with flared fittings, or flexible CSST (corrugated stainless steel tubing) with manufacturer provided fittings. - City of Brownton, MN 55312 www.cityofbrownton.com (outside Minneapolis/St. Paul MN).

Bottom line: to comply with pipe materials choices you lot need to find out what local edifice or plumbing inspectors will accept as rules vary by jurisdiction.

I concord that i/viii" bore is not likely to provide adequate flow rates to multiple appliances nor over distance. Typically the plumber connecting multiple appliances uses a larger line to bring gas into the building.

Also see GAS PRESSURES LP vs NATURAL GAS - the domicile page for this topic.

There we discuss gas pressure drop in long runs or minor pipage sizes. Y'all'll see that pressure and pipe size and delivery rates are continued. P1V1 = P2V2.

Fifty-fifty for curt piping runs there are recommended minimum piping diameters. None of them in electric current standards for gas piping is one/eight".

Gas tank switchover valves for multiple LP tank installations

For other readers, Automatic or manual switchover valves: I'm indeed not certain that nosotros're talking about the same device, nor that it has to do with gas piping size and force per unit area.

Switchover valves used, e.thou. in Australia, Canada, the U.S., the U.K. and other countries switch between two LP tanks and then that every bit fuel runs low in one LP tank the homeowner can switch to the total tank. We also phone call those also "changeover valves". A changeover valve is peculiarly useful when the empty LP tank is to exist physically swapped-out for a total one.

Changeover valves are sold in both manual and automated forms. Some changeover valves are combined with a gas regulator as shown in our photograph above. Shown is a Winntec Model 6020 P1.0-xv.6 Q6.R280 LP gaws regulator and changeover valve combined. This changeover valve is sold at plumbing and heating suppliers and at some RV suppliers such equally campingworld.com.

Reader follow-up: you lot practise know what NPT stands for, right?

019/09/26
James Said:

Why exercise [-es anybody I ask] seem to take to always go dorsum to talk about pressure. My run is only well-nigh 10 feet so pressure level IS NOT an consequence! I also have to approximate that y'all are completely unfamiliar with an automatic switch over valve. I realize that they are seldom used anymore, but if you don't have knowledge of them, you should have passed the question to someone who does.

The concluding i knew, I live in the good 'ol USofA and in this country, we have something called the National plumbing Code. Since I am not a licensed plumber, i do not accept a copy then asked a question of a website that I thought could give me a reasonable answer.

To my dismay that is Not the case. Thanks, but no cheers, i'll seek my answers elsewhere! By the mode, the outlet on the automatic switch over valve is 1/2 inch NPT…you lot do know what NPT stands for, correct? jwh,jr

Moderator reply: please exist careful about quick, shallow "answers" to questions involving life-safety

Of class pressure will be uniform throughout a system until appliances are using fuel. And then the force per unit area drop will depend on the length and size of piping. And use of a switchover or as we adopt changeover valve on LP tanks does non meliorate the requirements for gas piping sizing based on the flow requirements.

Pitiful that our initial reply was confusing for you. We have readers in over 50 countries so we don't assume that we know where they live. "National Plumbing Code" itself is a standard that varies by country.

But in the U.S., the National Plumbing Code is not the best resources for answering your question. Instead you'll desire to see NFPA 54 that you tin access for gratis, online. Nosotros include the necessary information to do and so at the end of this article.

Sorry too to see you and so aggravated that your e-mail digresses to insults. We endeavor our best to serve millions of readers a month, finding data if we don't already have it, researching for authoritative, unbiased sources and eschewing arm-waving opinion.

Sometimes, depending on how your question has been worded, its length and content, we may not correctly understand the fundamental question.

Nosotros also understand the natural wish of a reader who says "never mind all that malarkey, only TELL ME THE ANSWER". But sometimes the questioner appears to united states of america to exist facing life safety hazards as well equally building lawmaking and standard, permits, or licensing problems that nosotros recollect requires a bit more information to come with a reasonable and safe solution to a problem.

InspectAPedia is an independent publisher of edifice, environmental, and forensic inspection, diagnosis, and repair information provided gratuitous to the public - nosotros take no business concern nor financial connection with any manufacturer or service provider discussed at our website.

We are dedicated to making our information as authentic, complete, useful, and unbiased equally possible: we very much welcome critique, questions, or content suggestions for our spider web articles. Working together and exchanging information makes us better informed than any private tin can be working lone.

Spotter out: Information technology's more important to sympathize that likewise loftier or too low gas pressures are unsafe, risking non just appliance malfunction simply burn down or explosion or fatal carbon monoxide poisoning.

For this reason, nobody, fifty-fifty the most generous plumber, if she or he has an ounce of sense, is going pretend that she tin can tell someone exactly what kind and size of gas pipe is required for an installation about which she knows side by side to nothing.

The danger of giving a person of unknown training and skill "how to" advice is that in that location is almost always 1 or more than important considerations that an on-site expert would find but that are not offered past the person asking the question. When discussing fuel gas pipage there'southward the ever present risk that the reader later blow himself upwardly or catches his building afire. That caveat made we go on to endeavor to aid you out:

Reader follow-up: so answer my question: how large should my gas pipes be? Do I need a manifold with multiple outlets?

016/09/27 James W. Howe Jr. said

Insults? I repeat my question: since at that place is only a half inch outlet on the switchover valve, should I employ black piping with LP to increase the volume since fifty-fifty with the new products on the market for LP, I haven't seen any that have a diameter larger than three quarters of an inch OR should I simply put a brusque manifold on the valve outlet with iii one-half inch outlets on it and run three half inch lines, one to each apparatus? jwh,jr

Moderator reply: excerpts on gas pipage diameter & length & BTUH or Cubic Anxiety per Hour Gas Supply for NG or LPG from model gas codes & resource

James:

Thank you for clarifying your question to focus on LP gas pipage size or bore for a 10-pes length for an un-specified number of appliances or gas-fueled equipment.

Your original question mixed pipe blazon, pipe diameter, manifolds, fuels, tank changeover valves, and appliances of unknown input or BTUH requirements so we were not sure what respond would exist most helpful.

You asserted that you lot're asking just about piping diameter and you don't care about pressure, but it's important to understand that it's inadequate pipe size (or improper regulators or regulator settings) that would deliver inadequate gas pressure (or flow charge per unit in CFM per minute) at ane or more appliances.

Typically the plumber measures gas pipe pressure first with all appliances off, and so with them on. If the pressure with all appliances using fuel falls below the required input force per unit area at the appliance regulators the plumber knows to choose among
increase pipe diameter size or to go to a two stage regulator arrangement. A 2 phase regulator arrangement is not usually required in a typical home gas piping installation.

You referred by e-mail to defective a copy of a model plumbing lawmaking such equally the U.S. National Plumbing Lawmaking

Every bit you'll read Chapter four, Gas Piping Installations, Section FGC 401, in the New York City Gas Lawmaking, found at https://InspectAPedia.com/plumbing/NYC_Gas_Code_CH_4_Gas_Piping_Installations_2014.pdf - provided free at InspectApedia.com also as by New York City, or every bit yous can read in what'southward the best resource about gas piping installation, the National Fuel Gas Code NFPA 54, proper sizing of gas piping cannot be decided by arm-waving, shouting, nor insult.

Rather one needs to do some uncomplicated arithmetic, looking at pipage lengths, diameters, fuel type, AND the input BTUH (or cubic anxiety of gas per hr) required the appliances on the gas piping arrangement.

Watch out: beware of a simple "just give me the answer" need for questions that are incomplete, for which a safe proper answer requires more data, and for which a jerky one-size-fits'all answer could kill you or others.

I tin can't answer your gas manifold question as that'south a local plumbing conclusion based on space, convenience, and other factors suggested here.

LP Gas Pipe Sizing Codes, Tables & Examples

• 3/eight" OD Copper tubing 10 anxiety long can support 49 KBTUH (Thousand BTUs/Hour) of gas catamenia or supply at 11 inches W.C. with a 0.five" W.C. force per unit area drop.

  Nosotros're using this pressure range as it's most common for household appliances but you lot will need to check the specifications for your own appliances.

• ane/2" OD Copper tubing 10 ft. long can back up 110 KBTUH every bit above
• 3/4" OD Copper tubing 10 ft. long can support 348 KBTUH as above
• 1/2" atomic number 26 pipe (of an approved type) ten ft. of length can deliver 291 KBTUH as to a higher place
• 3/four" fe pipe 10 ft. of length can evangelize 608 KBTUH equally to a higher place
• See additional gas pipe sizing tables and guidelines in the Codes and IO Manuals cited and provided below.

Note that these information points are for xi" West.C. gas line sizing & copper.

Different data than that given in the gas piping sizing just above will exist obtained if you are designing a 2 psig gas line.

What's the Difference between an 11" wc gas piping system and a 2 psig gas piping organisation?

xi" wc is the well-nigh-common residential gas pipage system just some new installations are being installed using a 2psig gas pipe organisation. ("psig" refers to psi read on a force per unit area guess or "gauge pressure level".

xi" W.C. (Water Column) = 0.397 psig.

Formula to convert pressure P to psi: psi = P / 27.679904842545

Or for convenience 1 psi = 27.7 in W.C.

What'due south the difference between PSI, PSIA, and PSIG?

PSI = pounds per square inch

PSIA = atmospheric pressure or pressure if measured compared to a pure vacuum. At sea level atmospheric pressure is 14.7 PSIA

PSIG = approximate pressure expressed in psi. Judge force per unit area will show 0 at sea level. Since most building gas pressures are read using a pressure approximate it is proper to refer to psig or estimate pressure.

An case for 2psi piping systems is given beneath.

Maxitrol 325-series two psig Gas Force per unit area Regulator GAS Period RATE from OPEN Piping
Menstruation of Natural Gas Less Escape Book iii	Length of Service Pipe
	25 ft		50 ft		100 ft
	BTUs	CFH	BTUs	CFH	BTUs	CFH
3/4" Iron Pipe @ vi" westward.c.	600K	600	440K	440	315K	315
3/viii" OD Tubing @ 2 psi	210K	210	148	148	105K	105

Notes to the table in a higher place:

1. For Natural Gas Maxitrol assumes 1000 btus / cubic foot of gas - this allows translation of cu.ft. into BTUs
2. CFH = Cubic Feet per Hour
3. Less Escapement Book: Gas at half-dozen" due west.c. escapes from a 3/4" pipe at near iii times the rate of gas from a 3/ 8" OD tube at 2-psi. The chart below shows flow comparisons at the belch end. From the standpoint of uncontrolled escape of gas inside a building, the 2-psi system has less flow than the vi" w.c. system.
4. ANSI Z21.80 is the ANSI standard for line pressure regulators, intended for application in natural gas pipe systems and LP (propane). Maxitrol's 325 Series L-models are CSA certified (Z21.fourscore) for 2-psi inlet pressure, with the 7 to 11 (inches westward.c. outlet) spring.
5. Source: MAXITROL 2-psi GAS Pipe SYSTEMS 325 Serial GAS REGULATORS for DOMESTIC GAS Pipe [PDF] (2005) Maxitrol Visitor 23555 Telegraph Rd., P.O. Box 2230 Southfield, MI 48037-2230 U.s.A. www.maxitrol.com
6. Meet also GAS BTUH, CUBIC FEET & ENERGY
7. See also GAS PRESSURES LP vs NATURAL GAS

Gas Piping Sizing Codes, Specifications, Resources

• NFPA 54, ANSI Z223.1, (2015) The gas piping tables in NFPA 54 include a reminder of allowances needed to account for bends, fittings, valves - effectively those increment the effective "length" of the piping when figuring lengths and pipe size requirements. Similar gas piping size charts are given by LP gas suppliers. This standard provides minimum safety requirements for the design and installation of fuel gas pipage systems in homes and other buildings.
  Equally NFPA Explains NFPA 54 addresses the following:
  
  Requirements cover the installation and operation of fuel gas piping systems, appliances, equipment, and related accessories, with rules for piping systems materials and components, piping organization testing and purging, combustion and ventilation air supply, and venting of gas-fired appliances and equipment.

  You tin can purchase a re-create of the National Fuel Gas Code from NFPA at http://www.nfpa.org/codes-and-standards/all-codes-and-standards/list-of-codes-and-standards?fashion=code&lawmaking=54

  NFPA also permits viewing of NFPA 54 online, gratuitous if will take the time and trouble to register with the association. NFPA = the National Fire Protection Association, whom you can contact at
  NFPA
  ane Batterymarch Park
  Quincy, Massachusetts Us 02169-7471
  Phone +1 800 344-3555 (U.South. & Canada) +1 617 770-3000 (International)

• APPENDIX A: SIZING & CAPACITIES of GAS Pipe [PDF] as adopted in the U.South. by Virginia's adoption of the the IFGS and the National Fuel Gas Code volition provide details of the data you demand for an actual, safe answer to your gas piping questions.
• RESIDENTIAL PROPANE INSTALLATION GUIDE - GAS Pipe MATERIALS [PDF] Minnesota Propane Gas Association, PO Box 220, Princeton MN 55371, Tel: 763-633-4271, Website: www.mnpropane.org retrived 2020/05/08, original source: world wide web.lakesgas.com/images/2019/Residential-Propane-Guide.pdf is another example that lists allowable gas pipage materials
• "LP GAS LINE SIZING CHARTS", [PDF] LP-Gas Equipment Inc. 881 Hersey St. St. Paul, Minnesota 55114 United states of america, Telephone (651) 646-1177 Minnesota: 800-652-9072 Out-of-State: 800-328-9222 Email: info[at]lp-gasequipment.com, retrieved 2016/09/27 original source: http://www.lp-gasequipment.com/products/pdf/LPGas_Cat2010_p157-175.pdf In that location you'll find the following tables:
• Gas pipe or tubing length vs. pipe size for eleven" Westward.C. - gas line sizing chart for copper tubing & piping
• Gas pipe or tubing length vs. pipe size for 2 PSIG - gas line sizing chart for copper tubing & pipe
• Gas pipe or tubing length vs. pipage size for x PSIG - gas line sizing chart for copper tubing & pipe
• Gas pipage or tubing length vs. pipe size for 10 PSIG - gas line sizing chart for polyethylene tubing
• Gas pipe or tubing length vs. pipe size for ten PSIG - gas line sizing chart for CSST corrugated stainless steel tubing (Also see GAS PIPING, FLEXIBLE CSST)
• Liquid flow gas supply sizing charts rated in gallons per hour vs length of piping and pipe diameter
• Gas equipment orifice size (and drill size) vs. BTUH capacity at diverse pressures
• Other tables, charts, calculations useful to gas piping installers and technicians

• MAXITROL 2 1/2" GAS APPLIANCE REGULATOR 210G-two 1/2 & 220 Serial INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS [PDF] up to 26,000,000 BTU - (shown above) every bit offered by globalindustrial.com, retrieved 2021/02/09, original source: https://world wide web.globalindustrial.com/

  Website Excerpt:
  The 210 Series Is A Lock-Up Blazon Regulator And Compiles With Codes Using This Specification. The 210 Series Has Been Designed For Maximum Control Function In An Easy To Use Package. The Series Is Intended For Apply With Gas-Fired Boilers, Steam Generators, Industrial Furnaces, Ovens And Like High Demand Equipment. The Balanced Valve Blueprint Eliminates The Inlet Pressure Event Acting On The Valve. Regulating Stability Is Improved And Hunting Tendencies Reduced By The Use Of Dampening Mechanisms In Both The Breather Outlet And Sensing Tube. You Go Precise Regulation Over A Broad Range Of Pressures And Menstruum Rates With The 210 Series, Including A "Nothing Governor" Awarding. Fabricated in the U.s.a..

• MAXITROL GAS REGULATORS Chapters CHARTS 210-serial [PDF] (2006) Maxitrol Visitor 23555 Telegraph Rd., P.O. Box 2230 Southfield, MI 48037-2230 U.s.a.A. www.maxitrol.com and in Europe: Maxitrol Company 23555 Telegraph Rd., P.O. Box 2230 Southfield, MI 48037-2230 U.Due south.A. www.maxitrol.com - retrieved 2021/02/09, original source: industrialcontrolsonline.com

• SENSUS 243 GAS REGULATOR SPECIFICATIONS [PDF] (2013) Sensus Corp., 805 Liberty Boulevard, DuBois, PA 15801 USA Website: sensus.com/gas Tel: 1-800-375-8875
• SENSUS 243 GAS REGULATOR IO Manual [PDF] Op. Cit. - Includes Capacity Tables for natural gas for this regulator model.

In that reference you lot will see that for longer gas piping runs, in excess of 100 anxiety, copper tubing in any size, three/8" to 7/viii" O.D. is not permitted and won't work.

Case Natural Gas Pipage Code Excerpts

Here are a few explanatory excerpts from New York Urban center'south natural gas piping code; we provided some LP gas pipe length examples in an before respond. :

401.3 [Natural Gas Piping ] Modifications to existing systems.

In modifying or adding to existing piping systems, sizes shall exist maintained in accordance with this chapter.

401.4 [Natural Gas Piping ] Additional appliances.

Where an additional appliance is to be served, the existing piping shall be checked to decide if it has adequate capacity for all appliances served. If inadequate, the existing arrangement shall exist enlarged every bit required or split pipage of adequate chapters shall exist provided.

401.three Modifications to existing [Natural Gas Pipe ] systems.

In modifying or calculation to existing piping systems, sizes shall exist maintained in accordance with this chapter.

401.4 Additional [Natural Gas Piping ] appliances.

Where an additional apparatus is to be served, the existing piping shall be checked to determine if it as adequate capacity for all appliances served.
If inadequate, the existing system shall be enlarged every bit required or split up piping of adequate capacity shall be provided.

402.3 [Natural Gas Piping ] Sizing.

Gas piping shall be sized in accord with 1 of the post-obit:

1.Pipage sizing tables or sizing equations in accordance with Section 402.4.

2.The sizing tables included in a listed pipe system'southward manufacturer's installation instructions.

3.Other approved engineering science methods.

four.Individual outlets to gas ranges shall not be less than ¾ inches (19 mm) NPS .

402.4 [Natural Gas Pipe ] Sizing tables and equations.

Where Tables 402.4(ane) through 402.4(5) are used to size piping or tubing,
the pipe length shall be adamant in accordance with Department 402.four.1, 402.4.2 or 402.iv.3.

402.iv.1 Longest [Natural Gas Piping ] length method.

The pipe size of each section of gas piping shall exist determined using the longest length of piping from the bespeak of
delivery to the virtually remote outlet and the load of the department

402.4.2 [Natural Gas Piping ] Branch length method.

Pipage shall be sized as follows:

1.Pipe size of each section of the longest pipe run from the signal of delivery to the most remote outlet shall exist adamant using the longest run of piping and the load of the department.

2.The pipe size of each department of branch piping not previously sized shall be determined using the length of piping from the point of delivery to the most remote outlet in each branch and the load of the section.

402.iv.three [Natural Gas Piping ] Hybrid pressure.

The piping size for each section of higher pressure level gas pipe shall exist determined using the longest length of pipage from the point of delivery to the well-nigh remote line pressure regulator. The pipe size from the line pressure regulator to each outlet shall be adamant using the length of piping from the regulator to the most remote outlet served by the regulator.

Examples:

Using Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe and Natural Gas, where inlet force per unit area [at the appliance] must be less than 2 psi, the pressure level driblet in the system must exist no less than 0.three" due west.c. [After tables in this reference let grater force per unit area drib and and then volition back up higher CFM of gas per hour for the same diameter and lengths of piping].

• 10 feet of i/2" pipe (actual ID 0.622) can provide 131 cubic feet of gas per hr
• 10 feet of iii/4" pipe can provide 273 cubic anxiety of gas per hour
• 20 anxiety of 1/2" pipe tin provide xc cubic feet of gas per hour
• 20 feet of 3/4" pipe can provide 188 cubic anxiety of gas per 60 minutes

The codes I cite give detailed tables of pipe types, diameters, lengths, and the pipage'due south capacity to evangelize some number of cubic feet of gas per hr. Take a await at your own appliances to encounter their requirements. Or you lot tin look up typical apparatus BTUH requirements in the documents nosotros've cited.

402.5 Allowable [Natural Gas Piping ] pressure drop.

The blueprint pressure loss in any piping system under maximum probable flow weather, from the point of delivery to the inlet connection of the appliance, shall exist such that the supply pressure at the appliance is greater than or equal to the minimum pressure required by appliance.

403.1 [Natural Gas Pipe ] General.

Materials used for pipe systems

shall be new and comply with the requirements of this chapter or shall be approved.

403.1.1 [Natural Gas Piping ] Pipe size and pressure limitations.

one. All requirements for installation of gas distribution piping with operating pressures at ½ psig (3.5 kPa gauge) or less and above ½psig (three.5 kPa gauge) shall be in accordance with Affiliate iv of this code.

ii. Gas distribution piping operating at a pressure of over ½psig (3.5 kPa gauge) to 5 psig (34.5 kPa gauge) and size iv inches (102 mm) or larger shall be welded.Exception:Manufactured and listed gas trains provided with the appliance may be threaded

3. All gas distribution pipe operating at a pressure to a higher place 5 psig (34.v kPa approximate) shall be welded.

iv. All welding of gas distribution piping shall be subject to special inspection equally set up forth in Section 406.

five. All piping 4 inches (102 mm) and greater operating at pressure exceeding 5 psig (34.5 kPa guess) must be barrel welded, discipline to special inspection and radiographed.

6.Threaded piping may be used up to four inches (102 mm) at pressure no greater than ½psig (three.5 kPa gauge).

403.two Used [Natural Gas Pipe ] materials.

Used pipe, fittings, valves and othermaterials shall not be reused.

403.three Other [Natural Gas Pipe ] materials.

Fabric not covered by the standards specifications listed herein shall be investigated and tested to make up one's mind that it is safe and suitable for the proposed service, and, in addition, shall be recommended for that service by the manufacturer subject field to blessing by the commissioner.

403.4 [Natural Gas Piping ] Metal pipe.

Metal piping shall comply with Sections403.4.1 through 403.4.four.

403.4.1 [Natural Gas Pipage ] Cast fe.

Cast-iron pipe shall not be used.

403.iv.2 [Natural Gas Piping ] Steel.

Carbon steel and wrought-atomic number 26 pipe shall be at least of standard weight and shall comply with one of the following standards:one.ASME B36.x, 10M2.ASTM A 53/A53M; or3.ASTM A 106.403.4.3 Copper and brass.

Copper and brass pipe shall no tbe used.

403.iv.iv [Natural Gas Piping ] Aluminum.

Aluminum-alloy pipe shall not exist used.

403.5 [Natural Gas Piping ] Metallic tubing.

Metal tubing shall not be usedexcept equally provided in Section 405.5

Watch out: At that place are life safety hazards involved when fooling with gas pipe and appliances. Cheque with your local plumbing officials about what type of gas piping are permitted where you live, and while y'all're at it, ask what gas pipe or plumbing permits and safety and code compliance inspections are required where yous live.

Natural Gas Apparatus Operating Pressures in WC, millibars, Pascals, PSI or ounces of pressure

A common operating pressure for natural gas appliances is effectually seven inches of water cavalcade (WC) or re-stating this in equivalent measure out, that's 14.9 millibars or 1743 Pascals or Pa, or about 0.25 psi (pounds per square inch) or almost 4 ounces of force per unit area per square inch.

Come across NATURAL GAS Appliance PRESSURES for details.

LP or Propane Gas Appliance Operating Pressures in WC, millibars, Pascals, PSI or ounces of force per unit area

A common operating pressure for liquid petroleum or LP gas appliance is 10" - eleven" of h2o column (WC) or re-stating this in equivalent measures, that's 27.iv millibars or 2491 - 2739 Pascals or Pa, or near 0.36 - 0.forty psi or about five.78 to vi.36 ounces of pressure per square inch.

See LPG & PROPANE Apparatus PRESSURES for details.

Reader Q&A on gas piping

@Joe,

Hither is a propane-to-natural-gas connector kit - this example is the Permasteel Natural Gas Conversion Kit for Kenmore Grills 6-Burner + Side Burner.

Equally yous can run into, those are dissimilar materials.

Watch out: Some gas connector lines, but not all of them, are rated for both LPG and natural gas fuels.

I would not use propane gas connectors nor other parts on a natural gas barbecue Earlier reading the specifications for your specific production.

Beneath is a connector hose described equally rated for propane gas.

Accept a look at the materials and likewise accept a look at the requirements to convert a gas grille from Propane to Natural Gas - my second illustration I'll mail in a minute.

Lesser line:

You MIGHT exist able to use the aforementioned hose for connecting to EITHER Propane or Natural Gas **if** the hose is specifically rated for both fuels.

An instance is shown beneath, from G.B. Sturgis Co., a hose that is specifically rated as OK for either fuel (shown equally sold at Amazon) described as

3/eight" ID Thermo Rubber High Pressure Propane/Natural Gas Hose with 3/8" 45 Degree Female Flare Swivels on each end.

Versatile hose can be used for any Propane or Natural Gas Appliance connection. The Female person Flare Swivels make connecting to the supply or appliance easy.

Thermo Rubber Hose stays very flexible in common cold conditions.
350 PSI Max Pressure level Rating
Certified to UL21, UL569, CAN 8.3

shown above

Can I use a 3/viii propane hose to run a natural gas barbecue

@STEVEN ALTMAN,

Thank you, that'due south an interesting question; for which I cannot give an authoritative answer, as might a suitable civil or plumbing engineer.

I suspect that the distances are then short that what you advise is fine, but technically information technology'south a catamenia question that could utilise engineering calulations.

Or you'll try the one" and monitor the outcome; for brusque distances like that re-plumbing sounds minor.

my customer is adding an additional ng hot waster pressure level washer to his facility. soon, he has 2 units rated at 415,000 btu'south. The boosted unit will be the aforementioned. The 2 units are individually connected to a 2" chief with shut offs and regulators. The new unit will exist located next to a existing unit supplied from a ane" blackness pipe approximately 10" from the ii" supply line.

if possible, nosotros would like to plumb into the existing i" line for the additional unit which will exist located most ten' away. Do you encounter this as a trouble? What size black pipe line would exist required for each individually for this 415,000 btu requirement ? From the above information, information technology seems that a 3/iv" line at 25' is rated at 600,000 btu's and then a 1" would seem to be adequate..do you agree ? cheers.

Travis:

Take a expect at the input force per unit area that is specified on the LPG regulator that is provided with the powder-coat oven yous are installing. If your supply pressure is greater than that you'll want a step-down regulator only ahead of the oven.

That'due south a common arroyo when having to deliver loftier gas supply rates over longer piping runs: distribute at higher pressure level and drop downwards at the appliance;

Cheers for your tongue-in-cheek comment likewise.

eighty ft is pretty long; if you don't run the larger line to closer to your burners you may find inadequate gas flow.

Give thanks you for the quick response..I have a couple of other questions. I'thousand planning on running i ane/2" iron from a regulator like the examples to within a pes or ii of furnace.. Adapting down to a 1 1/4 flex line for last connection. Exercise I need another regulator of some sort at the end of the 1 one/2 iron pipe. 2d question is regarding the connection of tanks to first regulator. Should I use both tanks simultaneously to feed supply line and if and then would I just utilise the appropriate size pipe from each tank into a tee and then into regulator..
Last but non least a hats off and large thanks to all who are involved in running this website...and I'thousand impressed with modern's power to keep pen in cheek when dealing with jackasses like James from above...Thanks!!
Repent if this a duplicate comment I don't know if my first one got sent or I somehow just managed to erase it...

Continuing:
More than examples of high BTUh gas regulators include this Sensus 243-12 model.

Too see these examples of gas regulator specs and IO manuals that include helpul sizing tables; more sizing tables are in the commodity above.

https://inspectapedia.com/plumbing/Sensus-243-Gas-Regulator-IO-Manual.pdf SENSUS 243 GAS REGULATOR IO Transmission

https://inspectapedia.com/plumbing/Sensus-243-Gas-Regulator-Specifications.pdf SENSUS 243 GAS REGULATOR SPECIFICATIONS

Travis:

In the article above you'll observe the basic gas pipage diameter and length limits at
"LP Gas Pipe Sizing Codes, Tables & Examples"

and only below that links to PDF files giving detailed gas pipe sizing tables that relate BTUs and piping lengths that volition work.

I suspect you will need AT LEAST one 1/4" pipe over that eighty ft. run.

And even though that 1/4" ID line between LP tank and regulator is quite short, your BTUh consumption 1.2 million is then great that nearly-likely the whole regulator and pipage diameter need to be increased. Accept a look at the regulator brand and model, and then give its manufacturer a call.

It's likely that yous will demand a larger capacity chief regulator at the LP tank; an example is shown below; often nosotros see that for a loftier BTUh awarding like yours the gas is run from tank to appliance at higher pressure level and and so is stepped down by a secondary regulator but ahead of the appliance.

The regulator I show below, the Maxitrol 2 i/2" Gas Appliance Regulator 210G-two 1/ii, can deliver up to 26,000,000 BTU and is probably a higher capacity than you demand, but other models (at lower cost) are of form available.

I'grand installing a large pulverization coat oven in my store. xx'x10'x10" it is a propane heated unit of measurement...The unit has a max. burn rate of i.2mil BTU and 1 i/4 inlet for propane.. The tanks used for propane supply are two #420 tanks located approximately 80ft abroad and 12ft beneath the burner. Practice I demand to run 1 ane/4 pipe all the way dorsum to the propane tanks and will the i/4" copper line off tank to regulator allow plenty fuel to run heater...Thank you

Linda

That regulator you show is intended for employ on an RV or camper and is non intended to serve a building with longer gas line runs; I suspect that it is very under-sized and may non be approved for the use you have fabricated of it.

[Re-posted with illustration replacing link - mod]

Ok, I installed 50ft of 3/iv" black pipage when I remodeled this barn. My plan, to utilize LP for furnace, dryer, range that was 5 years ago. Plans changed. The lines were tested and tight at that time. All capped. I decided to install a gas range and then I pressure tested the lines, made corrections to couplings that were lather tested and showed leaks.

Retested. Everything is good. The line is clear. Bought a new dual stage regulator and two tanks. [from Amazon -shown below] Installed a 3/8" black hose to ;my black pipe.

This regulator indicates that the tank is empty but I'm wondering if my black pipe line is besides long and the pressure is the line is as well depression to get the gas to my range which would cause the valve in the regulator or the valve in the tank to close.

You need to be a petty more articulate on exactly where you are detecting no fuel.

I'm non enlightened of any gas regulators at appliances that tell u.s.a. anything near the quantity of fuel available in the lp tank.

Even if your piping is nether sized for the length you would nevertheless see some gas flow, it would only be at too low a rate or pressure.

So permit'southward start by existence certain that there'due south no valve airtight somewhere in the system.

Watch out, if you're not familiar with proper and prophylactic gas pipe this is non work you lot should attempt yourself every bit a mistake could accident the identify upwardly.

I am installing ii 40# lp tanks to supply my range in my home. I have a long run (50ft) of iii/four" black pipe to my kitchen. When I finished installing the tanks, regulator, and connections the regulator shows my tanks are empty (just filled) and no gas is getting to my range. Everything has been pressurized and soap tested so at that place's no leaks. I'chiliad wondering if I need a higher pressure regulator, bigger tanks, or a shorter run. Any ideas?

Forrest

Thank yous very much for your generous comments. I've worked hard on this material for a long time and and so I'm particularly grateful when readers find it useful.

Your questions, comments, criticism, or content suggestions are likewise e'er welcome and helpful.

give thanks you then much for your very detailed article. Some people have to be jerks fifty-fifty when they are getting gratis assistance . I learned a lot! Cheers again
Forrest

nosotros are going to run a line for propane gas near 60-65 ft, to the house. nosotros accept a 250 gal. tank. are all the different materials (coated flexible copper, alum, stainless steel) equal every bit far every bit safety and immovability?

TF

Delight observe your question and my detailed respond now near the height of the article above on this folio. Yous may need to clear or refresh your browser enshroud to see the updated page. We welcome your farther photos, comments, questions.

TF

Indeed there are plastic-coated LP gas piping materials that are rated for outdoor and for either above-basis or for buried (underground) utilise. Those are described on the page above and at

GAS Pipage, FLEXIBLE CSST

For long gas runs you oftentimes need to add together a regulator.

I have a 250 gallon propane tank and have 22kw generator hooked up to it. I am in the procedure of having a concrete deck poured and was wondering if I should go underground with the propane pipe to the house fireplace(vented logs) which has never been hooked up, I would similar to have an outlet on deck for a propane BBQ pit.

The tank is almost 110' away from the fireplace connection and the location where I want to add together for the bbq is about 50 ft. Wondering what is best textile to run and do I utilize tee or header secret/above before it goes into decking. Every bit well as practice I need additional regulator?

Garnett In the commodity above y'all'll see some propane piping size guidelines and examples.

3/8" OD Copper tubing x feet long can support 49 KBTUH (Yard BTUs/Hr) of gas flow or supply at 11 inches W.C. with a 0.five" Westward.C. pressure drop. Nosotros're using this pressure range every bit it'due south most common for household appliances but you will need to bank check the specifications for your own appliances.

Then you can encounter that to go 25 ft you need a larger size.

I am hooking up a thirty,000 btu propane gas free standing stove heater and need to run copper pipe for aboutn25 feet merely wanting to know if I should run 3/viii piping or 1/2 pipage

I purchased a small 60 gal auxiliary lp tank in case emergency and water heater during summertime.i have some questions about hooking it up.
This was used on an rv that ran on LP. Therefore, I had to purchase a vapor valve since rv used liquid LP. Doesn't have a regulator.

1--does the brass fitting that attaches to the tank for vapor need to have pipe dope/record?

ii--tin can lp from this tank exist ran into the existing regulator? Small tank will only exist used in the situations above. The output will go into the larger tank.

iii--can CSST be used to hook both tanks together with or w/o protection from weather? Thanks for any answers or comments.

Mike

I'm certainly not admittedly certain only your best take chances for success is to utilise a big diameter gas line v/8 in for example.

The number one complaint I hear from people trying to run a generator is inadequate catamenia - is usuly because of using too small a diameter piping on a long run. Keep me posted.

Trying to determine if I can run an emergency portable generator off the house LP supply line (with bulk tank) and not bear on the furnace.

I am doing this for a friend who has a medically dependent (on electricity) child. The supply line from the bulk tank to the house is iii/8" OD copper after the regulator.

At the firm is a second regulator with a 5/eight" OD copper line on the output that then runs directly to the furnace - probably 4' of five/8" OD piping. No other LP appliances/uses. I am hoping to tap a line off the drip leg of the furnace piping and run over to the generator using soft copper tubing.

The furnace drip leg is ane/2" B.I. NPT pipe. The generator is a 12,000 watt (peak), driven by a 18 HP engine.

The generator location requires an approximately twoscore' supply line (from furnace to generator).

The generator comes with a primary regulator (intended for connecting to a xx# or xl# cylinder) and a secondary regulator mounted on the generator.

I do not currently know the furnace BTU just the house is an older 2 story subcontract house. Likewise, I live in Iowa where winters can exist quite cold at times. My concerns? I want to ensure I take the proper line size feeding the generator AND I do non desire to "starve" the furnace when the generator is running. Any help would be profoundly appreciated. Thank you lot.

Nope, Terry, In my view as long as the 3/4" NG regulator has the same pressure and menses ratings, the only difference is the pipe fitting size - that ought not injure a thing as yous'll simply have to employ the proper pipe fittings to step down from 3/four" to 1/ii".

I purchased a 3/4" NG regulator by accident to replace ane/ii" regulator for NG Grill. Both have same output (7 inch WC). Should I expect failure here?

Not necessarily, Edward; the pressure and diameter alone won't tell the story; the piping length and other restrictions may also hateful you need a larger diameter. You'll see details in the commodity on this folio.

trying to connect 7500 duel fuel generator with vii,500 running wattage to home propane line volition i/2" sch. 40 black pipe be sufficient the generator people say requires ane.two cfm at 7-11 inches of water?

@Barbara C.,
Thank y'all for your response, Dan. I will check with the propane supplier also. This site is a smashing source and I appreciate the work involved to maintain information technology.

Best,

Barbara

Barbara

A google Scholar search for "rodent damage gas piping" and similar phrases turned up articles on rodent-proof construction simply no specific article (at to the lowest degree not in the first few pages I scanned) reporting an incident of rodents chewing through metal gas pipage.

I'1000 waaay too scared to bet your life on arm-waving but I suspect that when squirrels or other rodents chew through gas lines it's plastic or PVC pipe that they assail, not copper or iron piping.

If you actually see bite marks or scratches on any of the piping that'd up the business organization and I hope that in improver to calling your plumber you'll postal service a photo of that piping hither.

Propane tanks that supply the heating boiler in my home have slim metallic pipes traveling from the tank, across the back of my house and into a larger pipage that enters the banality room. I accept plant chewed nuts in the area at the superlative of each tank that shelters the gauges that indicate the number of gallons in the tanks.

I am concerned as to whether the chipmunks could eat through the gas lines. There's a large population of chipmunks and squirrels near my home due to a grove of next nut trees. Chipmunks have chewed through wires in my engine several times so this is non an bookish or theoretical question. Cheers.

I was very clear regarding what I was going to employ. I was standing right next to the pipe and pointing to them. Either he is overly cautious or had no idea what he was doing. He did ostend that he was a plumber. Any thoughts on the programme. I also wanted to notation that all connections would have PTFE (gas rated) record. I practice know that the flared heads exercise non require tape. Thanks for your assist! JIm

Jim

Your Home Depot plumbing rep may have thought y'all were talking about using black PLASTIC pipe such every bit ABS.

Black iron pipe is the traditional and correct plumbing material for LPG and Natural gas. Here is what the Abode Depot link says

Strong and durable black steel pipes (a.k.a. Black Iron, Black Malleable) are used to transport natural and propane gas from the street or a tank to the habitation. Adept for burn sprinkler systems because of heat resistance. Hub-and-spigot bandage atomic number 26 pipes should be installed by professionals. Comes in a variety of lengths from two inches to 10 anxiety and diameters of ¼ inch to ii inches.

I'chiliad looking to build (an unusual) charcoal grill with a propane starter. I've done some inquiry and scoured the web for data. At this betoken, I know enough to be dangerous and by no ways an expert (why I'm asking here). I went to the Home Depot plumbing department for some information. When I explained that I was thinking of using black pipe for the starter, the representative almost had a middle attack, berated me, told me that I would end upward on the news for blowing myself upwards. I was only trying to go some information and he refused to aid and he told his acquaintance to non talk to me considering information technology could exist a lawsuit. My question is, is information technology condom to use schedule 40 black piping as a propane burner? I was also wondering if the attached image of my plan would be viable or besides dangerous to effort. As a charcoal starter, it would only be used for ten-20 minutes max. Is that also long and melt the pipe? Whatsoever assist would be profoundly appreciated.

Thanks in advance!

Jim

P.Due south. What's really funny is that the Home Depot website states that black pipe can exist used for LP delivery.
https://www.homedepot.com/c/ab/types-of-pipes/9ba683603be9fa5395fab90cf2ccbfa

Can you substitute ppr for ppe for lpg gas line? Thank you

Sam

I don't know the expertise of the person who advised you lot that individual apparatus regulators are not needed, but my view is the safest and best approach is to check with the manufcturer of the specific equipment by brand and model, or if y'all accept the installation and operation transmission for your fryers start at that place.

In my experience appliances expect their own local regulator and the manual writers assume ane volition exist provided if information technology is non already an integral part of the appliance.

Here is an excerpt from a commercial fryer installation manual:

To adjust the pressure, remove the regulator adjustment screw embrace (see the Gas Valve analogy.) Remove the cover cap. Employ a flat tip screwdriver to adjust the screw until the right force per unit area is reached. (clockwise will increase the pressure, counterclockwise will subtract the pressure.)

Source: Pitco Fryaltor IO Manual, Installation, Performance and Maintenance Manual for Fryer Model Numbers 7,12,14,14R & 18
Gas Fryers With Options and (F) Built-In and UFM (Spacefighter) Filter Systems - retrieed 2019/02/19 original source: https://www.heritageparts.com/medias

Annotation that the instructions for your fryer make and model may differ.

Hi modern, I'one thousand deplorable it is black iron pipe not galvanized sorry.

My flat top my steam table and my funnel cake fryer all accept a regulator that came from the factory merely my 270-pound fryers exercise not one of the person told me that considering it was a hundred fifty chiliad BTUs per fryer and I had a 525000 PT you regulator did I would non need a regulator on that system is this true and should I go with 3/four inch hoses from my black Iron to my equipment

Sam yous might desire to check with your local build section / plumbing inspector since galvanized piping is often prohibited in favor of black atomic number 26 piping for gas pipe.

Normally each appliance has its ain gas regulator.

I am installing ii fryers a flat summit and a steam table. I am using 3/4 inch galvanized pipe and then I'thou running it to my equipment should I utilize 3/four inch hose since I'm using iii/4 inch pipe with reducers to the half inch on a couple of pieces of equipment I also take a 525000 BTU low pressure regulator practise I need to have a regulator on each piece of equipment if it did non come with it from the factory

Hi. I'k trying to supercede my indoor electric washer/dryer but merely discovered there's a capped propane pipe sticking out of the wall horizontally. It's in the way. If I have to go through the fourth dimension/money/hassle of shortening it, I might likewise stick it in the wall. I've seen outlet boxes for washer hot/common cold/drain fittings and as well outlet boxes for ice makers. I'm wondering if I could apply one of those boxes for this application.

The ice maker box seems perfect, although I'd have to widen the hole to accomodate the diameter of the presumably black atomic number 26 piping. Would such a box exist safe? Is there a better, pre-existing pick? And depending on what is needed (oasis't opened the wall even so), is a black fe plug simply as prophylactic every bit a black iron cap?

In an ideal situation, just demand that cap/plug and PTFE gas line tape, correct? And of course an outlet box or something like. Your assist is greatly appreciated.

Barbara,

Contumely fittings are commonly used in gas pipage

Nevertheless galvanized pipe is not recommended.

I was wondering if when installing gas range I used a three/eight elbow screwing it onto the
Gal nip coming off gas range and then a 3/eight brass nip going into regulator volition information technology make a diffence because it's not blackness fittings ? Volition it corrode?

Nathan

That sounds like a fine idea and ought to be ok - allow me know if your plumber has a dissimilar opinion.

Would it make sense to always plumb a business firm for Natural Gas. Natural Gas is available downward the road merely not at my house yet. I would employ Propane until it becomes available. I know Natural Gas typically requires larger pipe than propane would information technology cause any issues for the propane?

No, every bit some older LPG piping including copper and flexible copper were copper colored or grayness-coated;

but you will see that newer flexible gas lines and piping are typically coated with a yellow surface that helps resist damage.

Does 50.p. gas have to have a yellow jacket

...

Go on reading at GAS Pipage, VALVES, CONTROLS - topic abode, or select a topic from the closely-related articles below, or run across the complete Article INDEX.

Or see

Article Series Contents

• GAS Apparatus CONVERT LP-to-NATURAL GAS
• GAS BTUH, CUBIC FEET & ENERGY
• GAS LEAK DETECTION, LP / NG
• GAS LAWS & CONSTANTS
• GAS Piping, VALVES, CONTROLS - home
  • FLARE FITTINGS
  • FLEXIBLE GAS CONNECTOR INSTALL
  • GAS Pipe, FLEXIBLE CSST
  • GAS PIPING CLEARANCES, CODES & DEFECTS
  • GAS PIPING SIZE & MATERIAL
• GAS PRESSURES LP vs NATURAL GAS
• GAS Pressure level vs Edifice Elevation
• GAS PRESSURE FLOW INADEQUATE
• GAS COOKTOP INSTALLATION
• GAS REGULATORS & APPLIANCE / HEATER CONTROLS
• GAS REGULATORS for LP TANKS
• GAS SUPPLY for Electrical GENERATORS

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